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Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment

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Effect of temperature on thermal acclimation in growing pigs estimated using a nonlinear function.

D Renaudeau¹, C Anais, L Tel

¹INRA UR143 Unité de Recherches Zootechniques, Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe, France. David.Renaudeau@antilles.inra.fr

Journal of Animal Science

|July 13, 2010

Summary

Pigs exposed to heat showed initial rapid changes in body temperature and respiration, followed by acclimation. The duration of these acclimation phases varied with temperature, indicating adaptive responses to heat stress.

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Area of Science:

Animal Science
Physiology
Environmental Biology

Background:

Heat stress significantly impacts livestock production and welfare.
Understanding thermoregulatory responses is crucial for mitigating heat stress effects in pigs.
Acclimation is a key process allowing animals to adapt to changing thermal environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of increasing ambient temperature on the thermoregulatory responses of growing pigs.
To model the short-term and long-term acclimation phases to heat stress.
To identify temperature thresholds influencing the dynamics of heat acclimation.

Main Methods:

Ninety-six Large White growing barrows were exposed to ambient temperatures of 24, 28, 32, or 36°C at 80% relative humidity.
Rectal temperature, cutaneous temperature, respiratory rate (breaths per minute), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were measured.
Nonlinear response curves were used to model changes in thermoregulatory variables and ADFI over time, identifying breakpoint times (td(1) and td(2)).

Main Results:

Initial exposure to heat caused rapid increases in rectal temperature and respiratory rate, alongside decreases in ADFI and thermal circulation index (TCI).
A first breakpoint (td(1)) marked the transition from short-term to long-term acclimation, with td(1) for ADFI and TCI influenced by temperature.
A second breakpoint (td(2)) divided the long-term acclimation into phases, with td(2) for rectal temperature increasing with higher temperatures, suggesting temperature-dependent acclimation dynamics.

Conclusions:

Pigs exhibit distinct short-term and long-term acclimation phases in response to heat stress.
The duration of these acclimation phases is influenced by the magnitude of the thermal challenge.
Inter-individual variability in thermoregulatory responses exists, regardless of the temperature exposure.