Cytochrome P450 inhibition assay for standardized extract of Terminalia chebula Retz

The hydroalcoholic extract of fruit pulp of Terminalia chebula Retz. was standardized and evaluated for its safety through cytochrome P450 (CYP 450) inhibition assay. Standardization was performed through high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) using gallic acid (GA) standard. Cytochrome P450-CO complex microplate assay was performed using rat liver microsomes. The effect of standardized extract, its fraction and bioactive marker compound were comparatively evaluated for its effect on CYP P450 enzymes. The extract of fruit pulp was used for HPTLC, where the R(f) value of the marker was found to be 0.43. The calibration plot was linear in the range of 2-14 µg of GA and correlation co-efficient of 0.99965. The mean quantity of GA was found to be 2.5% w/w. The CYP P450 concentration of the rat liver microsome sample used in the study was found to be 0.417 nmol/mg protein. The in vitro effect of various concentrations of extracts and fractions showed a linear concentration-dependent inhibition of cytochrome P450 up to 60 µL. The study showed more inhibition of fraction when compared to the extract and GA. Still, the inhibition showed by fraction is less when compared with standard Ketoconazole. Thus, this study indicated the in vitro cytochrome P450 inhibition potential of T. Chebula.