Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
Published on: September 20, 2019
Step-forward randomization in multicenter emergency treatment clinical trials
Wenle Zhao1, Jody Ciolino, Yuko Palesch
1Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. zhaow@musc.edu
Abstract:
The authors present a new centralized randomization method for multicenter emergency treatment clinical trials. With this step-forward method, treatment randomization for the next subject is performed immediately after the enrollment of the current subject. This design ensures the readiness of the treatment assignment for each subject at the point of study enrollment, and it simultaneously provides effective control on treatment assignments balance and distributions of covariates. The authors also discuss procedures of the step-forward randomization method along with its implementation for two National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-funded multicenter acute stroke trials, one double-blinded and one open-labeled. Advantages and limitations are presented based on experience gained in these two trials.
Related Concept Videos
Randomized Experiments
Simple randomization
Simple...
Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Repeated Measures, Cross-Over, Carry-Over, and Latin Square Designs
Bioequivalence Experimental Study Designs: Completely Randomized and Randomized Block Designs
Blinding
Clinical Trials
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
Hazard Ratio
For example, in a clinical trial evaluating a...