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Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

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Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

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IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

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Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...

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Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors

Published on: March 29, 2019

Imaging bladder cancer.

Nigel C Cowan¹, Jeremy P Crew

¹Department of Radiology, The Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.

Current Opinion in Urology

|July 14, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Computed tomography (CT) is the preferred imaging method for bladder cancer (BCa) diagnosis and staging. Advances in CT urography enhance its role in investigating hematuria and determining cancer spread.

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Carcinogen-induced Murine Bladder Tumors

Published on: March 29, 2019

An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment

An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment

Published on: July 28, 2012

Area of Science:

Urology
Radiology
Oncology

Background:

Bladder cancer (BCa) diagnosis and staging are critical for effective patient management.
Accurate imaging is essential for determining the extent of BCa and guiding treatment decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in imaging techniques for bladder cancer (BCa) diagnosis and staging.
To evaluate the role of current and emerging imaging modalities in BCa management.

Main Methods:

Review of recent technical advances in multidetector computed tomography (CT) and CT urography.
Analysis of the utility of CT and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in staging BCa.
Consideration of future developments in MR imaging for BCa detection.

Main Results:

CT, particularly CT urography, is the preferred imaging modality for BCa diagnosis and staging.
CT urography combined with cystoscopy is a key pathway for investigating hematuria.
CT provides comprehensive information on local, nodal, and distant disease spread.

Conclusions:

Imaging for BCa should be guided by its impact on patient management.
CT is the primary choice for diagnosing and staging urothelial cancer.
MR imaging offers superior detail on tumor invasion depth, influencing treatment strategies like radical cystectomy.