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Comparison of antigenuria after immunization with three Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines
E P Rothstein1, D V Madore, J A Girone
1Pennridge Pediatrics, Sellersville, PA.
Insights
Antigenuria, the presence of vaccine antigen in urine, was detected in children after receiving Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines. PRP-D vaccine showed higher antigenuria rates compared to PRP-T and HbOC vaccines.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines are crucial for preventing Hib infections.
- Understanding vaccine antigen excretion is important for clinical management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document the incidence of antigenuria following vaccination with three different Hib conjugate vaccines.
- To compare the occurrence of antigenuria among PRP-D, PRP-T, and HbOC vaccines.
Main Methods:
- Seventy-five children aged 15-60 months received one of three Hib conjugate vaccines.
- Urine samples were collected and tested for antigen on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 post-vaccination.
- Both unconcentrated and concentrated urine were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Antigenuria was detected on Day 1 in 100% of PRP-D, 43% of PRP-T, and 12% of HbOC recipients.
- Significant differences in antigenuria rates were observed between vaccines, particularly on Day 1 and Day 3 for PRP-D versus PRP-T/HbOC.
- PRP-D vaccine showed a higher and more prolonged incidence of antigenuria.
Conclusions:
- Clinicians should be aware of the varying frequencies of antigenuria after different Hib conjugate vaccines.
- Knowledge of antigenuria incidence aids in making informed therapeutic decisions.
- The study highlights significant differences in antigen excretion profiles among the evaluated Hib vaccines.
Abstract:
The incidence of antigenuria was documented after vaccination of 75 children 15 to 60 months of age with one of three Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines, PRP-D (ProHIBiT), PRP-T and HbOC (HibTITER). Unconcentrated and concentrated urine was tested on the first, third, fifth and seventh days after vaccination. Antigenuria occurred on Day 1 in 100% of PRP-D, 43% of PRP-T and 12% of HbOC recipients. The percentages of children excreting antigen on Day 3 were 95, 17 and 8%; on Day 5 they were 36, 4 and 12%; and on Day 7 they were 14, 0 and 18% for PRP-D, PRP-T and HbOC, respectively. The difference in the occurrence of antigenuria resulting from each vaccine was statistically significant on Day 1 and for PRP-D compared with PRP-T or HbOC on Day 3. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the frequency with which antigenuria occurs after these vaccines so that appropriate therapeutic decisions can be made.