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Malignant hypertension: a rare problem or is it underdiagnosed?
Alena Shantsila1, Eduard Shantsila, Gregory Y H Lip
1University of Birmingham Centre of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, England, UK.
Current Vascular Pharmacology
|July 15, 2010
Summary
Malignant hypertension (MHT) is a severe form of high blood pressure. This review questions if MHT is declining or underdiagnosed, suggesting it may be increasing globally.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Ophthalmology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Malignant hypertension (MHT) is the most severe form of hypertension.
- Clinically defined by high blood pressure with retinal hemorrhages/exudates, potentially with papilledema.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current incidence of MHT.
- To discuss whether MHT is becoming a rarity or is underdiagnosed.
Main Methods:
- Review article discussing the incidence and diagnosis of MHT.
- Analysis of diagnostic challenges and prognostic implications.
Main Results:
- No strong evidence suggests a declining incidence of MHT despite improved hypertension management.
- MHT may be increasing globally due to a growing hypertensive population in developing countries.
- Prompt diagnosis can be difficult due to late-stage presentation and potential resolution of ocular signs.
Conclusions:
- Malignant hypertension should not be overlooked by clinicians.
- Persistent target organ damage in MHT negatively impacts prognosis.
- Underdiagnosis may contribute to the perceived rarity of MHT.
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