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Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
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Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

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Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

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Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

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Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
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High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications
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CLAVATA2 forms a distinct CLE-binding receptor complex regulating Arabidopsis stem cell specification.

Yongfeng Guo1, Linqu Han, Matthew Hymes

  • 1Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USA.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology
|July 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Two distinct receptor complexes, CLV2-CRN and CLV1-BAM, regulate plant stem cell identity. These complexes bind CLV3 ligands, with CLV2-CRN showing independent activity, suggesting parallel pathways in shoot apical meristem regulation.

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Published on: April 19, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Key regulators CLV1, CLV2, CLV3, CRN, BAM1, and BAM2 control shoot apical meristem (SAM) size and stem cell identity.
  • Previous research indicated CLV1 binds CLV3 ligands, but CLV2's biochemical role was unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the biochemical interactions and functions of CLV2, CRN, CLV1, BAM1, and BAM2 in plant stem cell regulation.
  • To investigate the formation and ligand-binding activities of receptor complexes involving these regulators.

Main Methods:

  • Transient expression in tobacco and analysis in Arabidopsis meristems.
  • Detection of protein complexes using biochemical assays.
  • Analysis of ligand-binding kinetics and specificity.
  • In vivo functional analysis through gene overexpression.

Main Results:

  • Distinct CLV2-CRN and CLV1-BAM heteromultimeric complexes were detected.
  • CLV2 alone exhibits CLE ligand binding activity, independent of CLV1.
  • CLV1, CLV2, BAM1, and BAM2 bind the CLV3 peptide with similar kinetics; BAM receptors show broader CLE peptide interaction.
  • Overexpression of BAM or CLV1 compensates for CLV2 loss of function.

Conclusions:

  • Two parallel receptor complexes, CLV2-CRN and CLV1-BAM, mediate stem cell specification in Arabidopsis.
  • These complexes likely function in parallel pathways to regulate SAM organization and plant development.