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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Identifying Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Populations in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Published on: November 10, 2023

Aberrant microRNA expression pattern in myelodysplastic bone marrow cells.

Kais Hussein¹, Katharina Theophile, Guntram Büsche

¹Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany. Hussein.Kais@MH-Hannover.de

Leukemia Research

|July 15, 2010

Summary

MicroRNAs, small RNA molecules, show distinct expression patterns in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). This study reveals unique microRNA profiles in MDS, differentiating it from non-cancerous cells.

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

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Published on: November 10, 2023

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Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Published on: October 3, 2018

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Hematology

Background:

MicroRNA (miR) dysregulation is implicated in cellular homeostasis and disease.
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To profile microRNA expression in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with varying cytogenetic aberrations.
To investigate the role of microRNAs in MDS pathogenesis and hematopoiesis.

Main Methods:

Expression profiling of 365 microRNAs in 24 MDS patients (12 normal karyotype, 12 with cytogenetic aberrations).
Analysis of microRNA expression in relation to specific chromosomal abnormalities (del(5q), -7, +8).

Main Results:

Identified a distinct microRNA expression pattern in MDS compared to non-neoplastic cells.
Observed increased expression of specific microRNAs outside the deleted 5q region in MDS-del(5q).
Found no differential expression of microRNAs encoded on chromosomes 5, 7, or 8 in specific MDS subtypes.

Conclusions:

MicroRNA expression profiles are significantly altered in MDS.
These findings suggest microRNAs play a role in the distinct hematopoiesis observed in MDS.
Further validation in larger cohorts is warranted to confirm specific microRNA up-regulation, such as miR-1.