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Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
Published on: March 2, 2014
The interface between the innate interferon response and expression of host retroviral restriction factors
Renée N Douville1, John Hiscott
1Molecular Oncology Group, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3999 Côte Ste-Catherine, Dept. of Microbiology and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1E2.
Abstract:
Inhibition of the expression and replication of human retroviruses by different families of host restriction factors has emerged as an important component of antiviral innate immunity. The term "intrinsic immunity" is used to define this specific arm of innate immunity and suggests that host restriction factors are constitutively present within infected cells. The essential role of the interferon (IFN) signaling pathways in eliciting host restriction factor gene transcription - triggered a consequence of pattern recognition receptor signaling - may be an under-recognized aspect of intrinsic immunity. This review discusses the relevance of innate IFN signaling in the induction of retroviral restriction factors, the mechanisms of action of these factors, as well as the counter-regulation of IFN response that results from the plethora of retrovirus-restriction factor interactions.
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