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Related Concept Videos

Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...

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Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
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Vitamin D and ageing: neurological issues.

Cédric Annweiler1, Anne-Marie Schott, Gilles Berrut

  • 1Angers University Memory Center, Angers, France. CeAnnweiler @ chu-angers.fr

Neuropsychobiology
|July 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in nervous system health throughout life. Supplementation may help prevent neurological and psychiatric disorders, especially in older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Vitamin D has diverse biological functions mediated by the vitamin D receptor.
  • Specific actions of vitamin D on the central nervous system (CNS) have been identified.
  • Vitamin D's role extends across all life stages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the relationship between vitamin D and the nervous system across different life stages.
  • To consolidate evidence on vitamin D's impact on neurological and psychiatric health.
  • To explore vitamin D's potential in preventing nervous system disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Bibliographical search of MedLine and Cochrane databases.
  • Keywords included 'vitamin D', 'nervous system', and related terms.
  • Review of 127 selected articles published between 1988 and 2009.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports a lifelong role for vitamin D in nervous system function, including the CNS.
  • Vitamin D acts as a neurosteroid hormone during development, influencing neurotransmission, neuroprotection, and neuroimmunomodulation.
  • Vitamin D deficiency is linked to neurological/psychiatric disorders, dementia, Parkinson's disease, and neuromuscular issues.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin D is associated with numerous neurological functions; deficiency correlates with dysfunction.
  • Low vitamin D levels (hypovitaminosis D) are reversible through supplementation.
  • Vitamin D supplementation offers a potential low-cost strategy for preventing neuropsychiatric disorders.