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Investigations on Alterations of Hippocampal Circuit Function Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Social functioning in children with brain insult.

Mardee Greenham1, Megan M Spencer-Smith, Peter J Anderson

  • 1Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|July 16, 2010
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Early brain insult (EBI) before age two significantly increases social dysfunction risk in children. Later insults show outcomes closer to normal, with seizures and family function impacting social skills.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Social dysfunction is a common and debilitating sequela of early brain insult (EBI).
  • Research has historically prioritized physical and cognitive recovery, neglecting social skills development after EBI.
  • Predictors of social outcome following EBI remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the timing of EBI and social outcomes in children.
  • To determine if EBI increases the risk of social impairment.
  • To identify factors influencing social function after EBI.

Main Methods:

  • Children with focal brain insults were categorized by the timing of EBI (Congenital, Perinatal, Infancy, Preschool, Middle Childhood, Late Childhood).
  • Social function was assessed using teacher-completed questionnaires (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Walker-McConnell Scale).
  • Data were analyzed to compare social outcomes across different EBI timing groups and identify predictive factors.

Main Results:

  • Children with EBI exhibited an increased risk of social impairment compared to normative data.
  • EBI occurring before two years of age was linked to the most severe social difficulties.
  • Children with EBI during preschool and late childhood showed social scores closer to normal ranges.

Conclusions:

  • The timing of early brain insult significantly impacts social outcome, with earlier insults posing a greater risk.
  • Lesion location, laterality, and social risk were not predictive of social function.
  • Seizures and family function emerged as significant contributors to social functioning in children with EBI.