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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
07:42

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

Published on: May 19, 2020

Exercise-induced changes in degenerative mitral regurgitation.

Julien Magne1, Patrizio Lancellotti, Luc A Piérard

  • 1Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|July 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) can worsen during exercise in a third of patients. This increase in MR is linked to higher pulmonary artery pressure and reduced symptom-free survival.

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High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
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High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
07:42

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

Published on: May 19, 2020

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Mitral regurgitation (MR) severity can fluctuate during exercise, particularly in functional MR.
  • Quantified exercise-induced changes in degenerative MR remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify exercise-induced changes in degenerative MR.
  • To assess the relationship between exercise-induced MR and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP).
  • To determine the impact of these changes on symptom-free survival.

Main Methods:

  • 61 asymptomatic patients with moderate-to-severe degenerative MR underwent resting and exercise Doppler-echocardiography.
  • Mitral regurgitation was quantified using effective regurgitant orifice (ERO) area and regurgitant volume via proximal isovelocity surface area (PIASA) and quantitative Doppler (QD) methods.
  • Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was also assessed during rest and exercise.

Main Results:

  • During exercise, 32% of patients showed a marked increase in ERO area and regurgitant volume.
  • Exercise-induced changes in systolic PAP correlated with changes in MR severity (r=0.59-0.60, p<0.02).
  • Patients with a significant increase in regurgitant volume during exercise experienced lower symptom-free survival (p=0.0015).

Conclusions:

  • Degenerative MR is dynamic and can increase during exercise in a substantial portion of patients.
  • Significant exercise-induced MR exacerbation is associated with elevated systolic PAP and diminished symptom-free survival.
  • These findings highlight the importance of exercise assessment in managing degenerative MR.