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IL28B in hepatitis C virus infection: translating pharmacogenomics into clinical practice

Golo Ahlenstiel1, David R Booth, Jacob George

  • 1Storr Liver Unit, Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.

Journal of Gastroenterology
|July 17, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations near the interleukin 28B (IL28B) gene significantly impact hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection outcomes and treatment responses. These IL28B polymorphisms influence spontaneous clearance and therapy effectiveness, particularly between different ethnicities.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Immunology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in 2009 identified the interleukin (IL) 28B gene locus as crucial in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
  • Polymorphisms near IL28B influence spontaneous HCV clearance and treatment response to pegylated interferon and ribavirin.
  • IL28B's role in HCV pathogenesis, outcomes, and treatment response has spurred extensive research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical impact of IL28B gene polymorphisms on HCV infection.
  • To explore potential mechanisms underlying IL28B's effects on HCV.
  • To discuss the translation of research findings into clinical practice and drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of landmark genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
  • Analysis of existing data on IL28B polymorphisms and HCV infection.
  • Synthesis of information on clinical impact, mechanisms, and future applications.

Main Results:

  • IL28B gene variations are pivotal to HCV pathogenesis and infection outcomes.
  • Polymorphisms predict spontaneous and treatment-induced recovery from HCV.
  • IL28B genotype influences differential treatment responses between ethnic groups.

Conclusions:

  • IL28B polymorphisms are key determinants of HCV infection course and therapeutic success.
  • Understanding IL28B's role offers insights into innate immunity and viral clearance mechanisms.
  • Future clinical practice and drug development strategies may leverage IL28B genotyping.

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