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Related Concept Videos

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Signal Transduction: Overview01:26

Signal Transduction: Overview

Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
Typically, signal transduction involves three...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis
07:26

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis

Published on: January 31, 2025

Hedgehog signaling update.

M Michael Cohen1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. mmichael.cohenjr@gmail.com

American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part A
|July 17, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vertebrate hedgehog signaling involves ligand processing and transport to activate Smoothened. This pathway

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Efficient and Cost Effective Electroporation Method to Study Primary Cilium-Dependent Signaling Pathways in the Granule Cell Precursor
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Using Confocal Analysis of Xenopus laevis to Investigate Modulators of Wnt and Shh Morphogen Gradients
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Efficient and Cost Effective Electroporation Method to Study Primary Cilium-Dependent Signaling Pathways in the Granule Cell Precursor
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Using Confocal Analysis of Xenopus laevis to Investigate Modulators of Wnt and Shh Morphogen Gradients
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Published on: December 14, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Hedgehog signaling is crucial for vertebrate development.
  • Ligand processing, transport, and receptor interaction are key steps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of vertebrate hedgehog signaling.
  • To compare vertebrate and Drosophila hedgehog pathways.
  • To identify associated developmental disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of protein interactions and cellular transport.
  • Comparison of signaling components between vertebrates and Drosophila.
  • Review of genetic disorders linked to hedgehog pathway dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Vertebrate hedgehog ligands are bilipidated and multimerized for cell exit via Dispatched 1.
  • Transport involves glypicans and megalin, with Patched 1 and Cdo/Boc mediating Smoothened activation.
  • Vertebrate Smoothened differs from Drosophila, lacking key phosphorylation sites and Cos2 homologs, with the cilium potentially playing an analogous role.

Conclusions:

  • The vertebrate hedgehog pathway exhibits unique features compared to Drosophila.
  • Disruptions in hedgehog signaling are implicated in various developmental syndromes.