Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
Optimizing Chromatographic Separations01:15

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

Optimizing chromatographic separations is crucial for obtaining clean separations in a minimum amount of time. Optimization is required for several factors, including kinetic effects related to band broadening, plate height, capacity factor, and separation factor.
Band broadening refers to spreading solute bands as they travel through the column. This broadening can impact resolution. Plate height (H) represents the length required for one theoretical plate. A lower plate height corresponds to...
Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
Racemic Mixtures and the Resolution of Enantiomers02:30

Racemic Mixtures and the Resolution of Enantiomers

A racemic mixture, or racemate, is an equimolar mixture of enantiomers of a molecule that can be separated using their unique interaction with chiral molecules or media. Racemic mixtures are denoted by the (±)- prefix. This ‘optical rotation descriptor’ applies to the whole solution of a racemic mixture rather than a specific stereoisomer. Enantiomers typically have the same physical and chemical properties. Hence, they are not easily separable. However, enantiomers can exhibit different...
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
¹H NMR Chemical Shift Equivalence: Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic Protons00:58

¹H NMR Chemical Shift Equivalence: Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic Protons

Replacing each alpha-hydrogen in chloroethane by bromine (or a different functional group) yields a pair of enantiomers. Such protons are called prochiral or enantiotopic and are related by a mirror plane. Enantiotopic protons are chemically equivalent in an achiral environment. Because most proton NMR spectra are recorded using achiral solvents, enantiotopic hydrogens yield a single signal.
In chiral compounds such as 2-butanol, replacing the methylene hydrogens at C3 produces a pair of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The use of SAX-HPLC-CD as a heparin screening strategy.

Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences·2011
Same author

Application of a modified linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) model to retention on a butylimidazolium-based column for high performance liquid chromatography.

Journal of chromatography. A·2010
Same author

Interactions between minimum run time, modifier concentration, and efficiency parameters in a high performance liquid chromatography separation.

Journal of chromatography. A·2010
Same author

The use of circular dichroism as a simple heparin-screening strategy.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2010
Same author

The development of an FIA-CD strategy for screening sulfated polysaccharides using antimalarial drugs and related species as probes.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry·2010
Same author

Modeling revealed circular dichroism for quinacrine in the presence of heparin.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications·2010
Same journal

Immunometabolomics Applied to Physical Exercise: Accomplishments and New Directions for Health Improvement.

Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)·2026
Same journal

Carbon Nanofibers for Mass-Producible Electrochemical Transducers for Point-of-Care Testing.

Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)·2026
Same journal

Application of Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry to the Analysis of <i>Cannabis</i>.

Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)·2026
Same journal

From Function to Single Cells: Analytical Innovations in Islet Biology and Diabetes Research.

Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)·2026
Same journal

Quantum Cascade Laser-Based Vibrational Circular Dichroism Imaging for Chiral Biosensing.

Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)·2026
Same journal

Ion-Ion Chemistry for the Analysis of Biomolecular Ions via Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Tutorial Review.

Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
08:51

Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers

Published on: August 18, 2017

Chiral separations.

A M Stalcup1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45220, USA. Apryll.Stalcup@uc.edu

Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)
|July 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review offers an introduction to chiral separations for analytical chemists. It covers fundamental concepts, common strategies, and key differences between chiral and achiral separation techniques.

More Related Videos

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
10:37

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

Published on: January 9, 2014

Separation of Aldehydes and Reactive Ketones from Mixtures Using a Bisulfite Extraction Protocol
09:08

Separation of Aldehydes and Reactive Ketones from Mixtures Using a Bisulfite Extraction Protocol

Published on: April 2, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
08:51

Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers

Published on: August 18, 2017

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
10:37

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

Published on: January 9, 2014

Separation of Aldehydes and Reactive Ketones from Mixtures Using a Bisulfite Extraction Protocol
09:08

Separation of Aldehydes and Reactive Ketones from Mixtures Using a Bisulfite Extraction Protocol

Published on: April 2, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Chiral separations are crucial for distinguishing enantiomers, essential in pharmaceuticals and biochemistry.
  • A wide variety of chiral columns, reagents, and selectors exist across multiple separation platforms.
  • Researchers new to chiral separations face a complex landscape of available tools and techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a concise overview of chiral separation principles and techniques.
  • To guide researchers unfamiliar with chiral separations through the available methodologies.
  • To highlight key differences between chiral and achiral separation methods.

Main Methods:

  • Review of general strategies and commonalities in chiral separation techniques.
  • Discussion of various analytical separation platforms including HPLC, GC, SFC, and CE.
  • Examination of different classes of chiral selectors and their applications.

Main Results:

  • Chiral separations present unique challenges and require specialized approaches compared to achiral separations.
  • Understanding fundamental concepts and common strategies aids in selecting appropriate chiral separation methods.
  • Key differences between chiral and achiral separations are elucidated with relevant examples.

Conclusions:

  • This review serves as a foundational guide to the field of chiral separations.
  • It simplifies the complex array of chiral technologies for novice researchers.
  • The insights provided facilitate informed decisions in selecting and applying chiral separation techniques.