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Clinical and epidemiological features of 33 imported Strongyloides stercoralis infections

Ana González1, Marina Gallo, M Eugenia Valls

  • 1Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB), CIBERESP, Hospital Clínic, c/Rosselló 132, 4 degrees, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. portana1@gmail.com

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|July 20, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Strongyloides stercoralis causes chronic infections, often asymptomatic. Early diagnosis in travelers and immigrants is crucial, especially for immunocompromised individuals, to prevent severe hyperinfection.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology
  • Tropical Medicine

Background:

  • Strongyloides stercoralis exhibits unique host replication, leading to chronic infections lasting decades.
  • Imported infections present diagnostic challenges, particularly in non-endemic regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of imported Strongyloides stercoralis infections.
  • To highlight diagnostic considerations for Strongyloides stercoralis in specific patient populations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 33 patients with imported Strongyloides stercoralis infection.
  • Analysis of clinical symptoms, epidemiological data, and host immune status.

Main Results:

  • Only 48.5% of patients reported symptoms, primarily gastrointestinal; 63.6% had eosinophilia.
  • Chronic asymptomatic infection was most common (51.5%), followed by symptomatic (33.3%) and hyperinfection (15.2%).
  • Immunocompromised status was present in 21.2% of all patients and 80% of hyperinfection cases.

Conclusions:

  • Strongyloides stercoralis should be suspected in travelers and immigrants from endemic areas with eosinophilia or compatible symptoms.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential, particularly in immunocompromised hosts, to prevent severe outcomes like hyperinfection syndrome.

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