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Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Generation of Dispersed Presomitic Mesoderm Cell Cultures for Imaging of the Zebrafish Segmentation Clock in Single Cells
10:41

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Published on: July 24, 2014

Intercellular coupling regulates the period of the segmentation clock.

Leah Herrgen1, Saúl Ares, Luis G Morelli

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany.

Current Biology : CB
|July 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Delta-Notch coupling synchronizes cellular oscillators in the zebrafish segmentation clock, regulating its collective period. Disruption of this coupling increases the segmentation clock

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Published on: November 11, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Chronobiology
  • Cellular dynamics

Background:

  • The segmentation clock, a network of coupled cellular oscillators in vertebrate embryos, dictates somitogenesis timing.
  • Zebrafish segmentation clock cells are believed to have independent, noisy periods synchronized by Delta-Notch signaling.
  • The influence of Delta-Notch coupling on the collective period remains an open question.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether Delta-Notch intercellular coupling affects the collective period of the segmentation clock.
  • To understand the role of intercellular coupling in establishing the period of biological clocks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multi-embryo time-lapse microscopy in zebrafish.
  • Employed a theoretical model of coupled phase oscillators with time delays.
  • Identified and characterized segmentation clock period mutants.

Main Results:

  • Disrupting Delta-Notch coupling led to an increased period of zebrafish somitogenesis and segmentation clock.
  • Segment length and spatial wavelength of gene expression oscillations increased, correlating with the period.
  • Theoretical modeling allowed estimation of cell-autonomous period, coupling strength, and delay time.
  • An instability linked to decreased coupling delay was predicted and experimentally validated.

Conclusions:

  • Delta-Notch coupling is crucial for regulating the collective period of the segmentation clock.
  • This study identifies the first mutants affecting segmentation clock period, advancing molecular understanding.
  • Delayed coupling may be a general mechanism for collective period control in biological clocks.