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Related Concept Videos

Patch Clamp01:18

Patch Clamp

Many fundamental cell functions such as muscle contraction and nerve transmission rely on the electrical signals produced by the movement of positively and negatively charged ions across the cell membrane. One competent method to record current flowing across the whole cell or single ion channel is the patch-clamp technique.
In this method, a glass micropipette containing electrolyte solution is tightly sealed against a small portion of the cell membrane. As a result, a patch of the cell...
Clamper Circuit01:14

Clamper Circuit

A clamper circuit, also known as a DC restorer, represents a specialized variant of the rectifier circuit, notable for its method of taking the output across the diode rather than the capacitor. This configuration lends to several distinctive applications, particularly in handling square wave inputs.
Within this circuit, the diode's orientation prompts the capacitor to charge up to the level of the most negative peak of the input signal. Upon reaching this state, the diode ceases to conduct,...
Clipper Circuit01:18

Clipper Circuit

A clipper circuit is a fundamental wave-shaping device that harnesses the unique properties of diodes to alter and control waveform characteristics. This technology is widely used in electronic devices, especially in television and radar communication systems, where it enhances waveform modulation in both transmitters and receivers.
The operation of a clipper circuit can be exemplified by analyzing a dual-clipper configuration setup that integrates two ideal diodes, each paired with a biasing...
Operational Amplifiers01:17

Operational Amplifiers

The operational amplifier, often referred to as an op-amp, is a multifaceted building block of a circuit. This electronic component functions like a voltage-controlled voltage source and can also be used to create a voltage- or current-controlled current source. The design of an operational amplifier enables it to execute mathematical operations when external components like resistors and capacitors are linked to its terminals. An op-amp has the capacity to sum signals, amplify a signal,...
MOSFET Amplifiers01:17

MOSFET Amplifiers

The MOSFET, when operating in its active region, functions as a voltage-controlled current source. In this region, the gate-to-source voltage controls the drain current. This principle underlies the operation of the transconductance MOSFET amplifier. The output current is directed through a load resistor to convert this amplifier into a voltage amplifier. The output voltage is then obtained by subtracting the voltage drop across the load resistance from the supply voltage. This process results...
Instrumentation Amplifier01:25

Instrumentation Amplifier

An electrocardiography (ECG) machine is an essential piece of medical equipment used to monitor the electrical activity of the heart. It operates by detecting small electrical changes on the skin that result from the depolarization of the heart muscle during each heartbeat. However, these signals are in the microvolt range and can be easily overwhelmed by noise or interference.
To overcome this challenge, an ECG machine utilizes an instrumentation amplifier. This specialized amplifier is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

One-channel Cell-attached Patch-clamp Recording
13:07

One-channel Cell-attached Patch-clamp Recording

Published on: June 9, 2014

Patch-clamp amplifiers on a chip.

Pujitha Weerakoon1, Eugenio Culurciello, Youshan Yang

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.

Journal of Neuroscience Methods
|July 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces the "PatchChip," a compact, two-channel patch-clamp system enabling simultaneous whole-cell recordings. This micro-chip technology offers high-throughput potential for drug screening and ion-channel research.

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Culturing and Electrophysiology of Cells on NRCC Patch-clamp Chips
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Culturing and Electrophysiology of Cells on NRCC Patch-clamp Chips

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Recapitulation of an Ion Channel IV Curve Using Frequency Components
10:14

Recapitulation of an Ion Channel IV Curve Using Frequency Components

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

One-channel Cell-attached Patch-clamp Recording
13:07

One-channel Cell-attached Patch-clamp Recording

Published on: June 9, 2014

Culturing and Electrophysiology of Cells on NRCC Patch-clamp Chips
10:36

Culturing and Electrophysiology of Cells on NRCC Patch-clamp Chips

Published on: February 7, 2012

Recapitulation of an Ion Channel IV Curve Using Frequency Components
10:14

Recapitulation of an Ion Channel IV Curve Using Frequency Components

Published on: February 8, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Patch-clamp electrophysiology is crucial for ion-channel research.
  • Existing systems are often large and costly, limiting throughput.
  • Miniaturization of patch-clamp instrumentation is needed for high-throughput applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a fully integrated, two-channel patch-clamp measurement system on a micro-chip.
  • To achieve performance comparable to conventional, large-scale patch-clamp systems.
  • To enable massively parallel, high-throughput patch-clamp applications.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a two-channel patch-clamp system on a 3x3mm silicon-on-sapphire micro-chip.
  • Utilizing a 0.5μm process for miniaturization.
  • Computer-controlled compensation of electrode capacitance and series resistance.

Main Results:

  • Achieved simultaneous whole-cell recordings with 8pA rms noise in a 10kHz bandwidth.
  • Demonstrated system capabilities with hERG and Na(v) 1.7 current recordings.
  • System performance is on par with large, commercial patch-clamp instrumentation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed "PatchChip" represents the first fully integrated, two-channel patch-clamp system.
  • This miniaturized system offers a pathway to massively parallel, high-throughput patch-clamp assays.
  • The technology is suitable for drug screening and advanced ion-channel research.