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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria01:30

Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria

Coryneform bacteria are gram-positive, aerobic, nonmotile rods that exhibit irregular, club-shaped, or V-shaped arrangements. Their V-shape results from snapping division, where the inner cell wall layer forms the cross-wall, while the outer layer remains intact until it ruptures on one side, causing the daughter cells to bend away.The primary genera are Corynebacterium and Arthrobacter. Corynebacterium includes diverse species, ranging from saprophytes to pathogens like Corynebacterium...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...

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Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Biofilms
09:03

Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Biofilms

Published on: February 15, 2012

Mycobacterium tuberculosis wears what it eats.

David G Russell1, Brian C VanderVen, Wonsik Lee

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Cell Host & Microbe
|July 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a dangerous pathogen. Understanding how it adapts to host environments is key to developing new treatments and vaccines against tuberculosis.

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Published on: September 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pathogen Biology
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions

Background:

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is a leading cause of human infectious disease.
  • Current tuberculosis vaccines offer limited protection, and available drugs necessitate lengthy treatment regimens.
  • A deeper understanding of M. tuberculosis within its host environment is crucial for therapeutic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the metabolic adaptations of M. tuberculosis during host infection.
  • To identify environmental factors and stresses influencing M. tuberculosis survival and virulence.
  • To leverage these insights for the development of novel anti-tuberculosis strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Infection of macrophages in cell culture.
  • Utilizing animal models of tuberculosis.
  • Analysis of bacterial metabolic reprogramming in response to host-derived cues.

Main Results:

  • M. tuberculosis actively modifies its metabolism upon entering host macrophages.
  • Specific host environmental conditions impose significant stresses on the bacterium.
  • Metabolic plasticity is a critical survival mechanism for M. tuberculosis.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding M. tuberculosis's metabolic response to host environments is essential.
  • This knowledge can guide the development of more effective chemo- and immunotherapies.
  • Targeting bacterial adaptation pathways may overcome current treatment limitations.