Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

5.5K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
5.5K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

4.9K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
4.9K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

3.9K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
3.9K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

1.3K
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
1.3K
Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction01:26

Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction

24
Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and...
24
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

75
Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular...
75

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Progeny group size for evaluating natural service bulls using AI reference sires.

Annales de genetique et de selection animale·2012
Same author

Season of birth and not vitamin D receptor promoter polymorphisms is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2009
Same author

HLA-DRB1*15 allele influences the later course of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis.

Genes and immunity·2008
Same author

No evidence for association between the EIF2B5 gene and multiple sclerosis in French families.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2008
Same author

IL2RA and IL7RA genes confer susceptibility for multiple sclerosis in two independent European populations.

Genes and immunity·2008
Same author

[What's new in multiple sclerosis genetics?].

Revue neurologique·2007
Same journal

Bi-allelic missense variants in human GPN2 result in Perrault syndrome.

American journal of human genetics·2026
Same journal

Integrative analysis of gastric tissue transcriptomes and gastric cancer GWAS implicates candidate susceptibility genes.

American journal of human genetics·2026
Same journal

A transparent and generalizable deep-learning framework for genomic ancestry prediction.

American journal of human genetics·2026
Same journal

Data-driven RNA phenotyping captures genetically regulated dimensions of the transcriptome.

American journal of human genetics·2026
Same journal

Linkage disequilibrium and allelic heterogeneity explain variation in coronary artery disease risk at 9p21 across populations and reduced effect in Africans.

American journal of human genetics·2026
Same journal

Genome-wide association study and predictors of neonatal blood cell traits in Hispanic newborns.

American journal of human genetics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds
06:09

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds

Published on: April 23, 2018

11.5K

Complementation and maternal effect in insulin-dependent diabetes.

F Clerget-Darpoux1, M C Babron, I Deschamps

  • 1Unité de Recherches de Génétique Epidémiologique (INSERM U. 155), Château de Longchamp, Paris, France.

American Journal of Human Genetics
|July 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The marker association segregation chi-square (MASC) method reveals complex genetic factors in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). It suggests two linked genes in the HLA region, maternal effects, and other familial factors influence IDDM susceptibility.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring
06:11

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring

Published on: May 17, 2024

1.3K
Intramuscular Transplantation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Pancreatic Endocrine Cells in Mice
06:53

Intramuscular Transplantation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Pancreatic Endocrine Cells in Mice

Published on: April 10, 2026

93

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds
06:09

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds

Published on: April 23, 2018

11.5K
Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring
06:11

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Long-Term Health Impacts of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection on Offspring

Published on: May 17, 2024

1.3K
Intramuscular Transplantation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Pancreatic Endocrine Cells in Mice
06:53

Intramuscular Transplantation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Pancreatic Endocrine Cells in Mice

Published on: April 10, 2026

93

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has a complex genetic component.
  • The Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) region is strongly associated with IDDM susceptibility.
  • Previous hypotheses regarding specific HLA alleles have not fully explained observed familial patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic architecture of IDDM using the MASC method.
  • To identify specific genetic and familial factors contributing to IDDM risk.
  • To evaluate the utility of the MASC method for assessing familial risk in IDDM.

Main Methods:

  • Application of the marker association segregation chi-square (MASC) method.
  • Analysis of a cohort of 416 Caucasian individuals with IDDM.
  • Inclusion of parental and sibship data along with HLA typing.

Main Results:

  • The best-fit model indicates cis or trans complementation of two linked genes within the HLA region.
  • An additional maternal effect and other familial factors were identified as significant.
  • A proposed HLA molecule complementation (Arg52(+) and Asp57(-)) does not fully explain the observed data.

Conclusions:

  • IDDM susceptibility is influenced by a combination of HLA-linked genes, maternal effects, and other familial factors.
  • The MASC method provides a robust framework for dissecting complex genetic inheritance patterns in IDDM.
  • Familial risk assessment for IDDM requires consideration of shared HLA haplotypes and parental inheritance patterns.