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Related Concept Videos

Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Centrifugation01:05

Centrifugation

Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
09:26

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

Published on: April 22, 2016

Are all colloids same? How to select the right colloid?

Sukanya Mitra1, Purva Khandelwal

  • 1Associate Professor, Department of Anaesthesia & IntensiveCare, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh.

Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
|July 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hydroxyethyl starches (HES) are synthetic colloids used in fluid therapy. Third-generation HES (tetrastarches) offer a favorable balance of efficacy, safety, and cost, especially in intensive care settings.

Keywords:
AlbuminColloidsDextranGelatinHydroxyethyl starchTetrastarch

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Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A &ldquo;Green&rdquo; Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles
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Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A “Green” Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles

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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids
09:26

Synthesis and Characterization of Supramolecular Colloids

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Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A &ldquo;Green&rdquo; Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles
12:47

Tangential Flow Ultrafiltration: A “Green” Method for the Size Selection and Concentration of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles

Published on: October 4, 2012

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
10:56

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Intravenous fluid administration is a cornerstone of medical practice.
  • Colloids, high molecular weight substances maintaining oncotic pressure, offer an alternative to crystalloids.
  • Various colloids exist, differing in physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review different types of colloids, focusing on hydroxyethyl starches (HES).
  • To compare the properties, efficacy, and safety profiles of various colloids, particularly HES generations.
  • To identify the optimal colloid for fluid replacement therapy, especially in intensive care.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of existing clinical data and scientific literature on colloids.
  • Analysis of physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, and adverse effect profiles of different colloids.
  • Comparative evaluation of hydroxyethyl starches (HES), including third-generation tetrastarches.

Main Results:

  • Hydroxyethyl starches (HES) exhibit significant variability in properties and safety.
  • Third-generation HES (tetrastarches) demonstrate a promising combination of safety and efficacy.
  • HES products should not be considered interchangeable; data from one do not apply to all.

Conclusions:

  • Tetrastarch HES formulations represent the best current compromise of efficacy, safety, and cost among synthetic colloids.
  • Balanced, rather than saline-based, HES solutions show potential for plasma-adapted volume replacement.
  • Tetrastarch HES are well-suited for use in the intensive care setting for fluid therapy.