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Bronchial reactivity in schoolchildren allergic to food

Aneta Krogulska1, Jarosław Dynowski, Krystyna Wasowska-Królikowska

  • 1Department of Pediatric Allergology, Gastroenterology, and Nutrition, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. anetkrog@poczta.onet.pl

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
|July 21, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Children with food allergy (FA) show increased bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR), even without respiratory symptoms. This BHR is generally milder in those with FA alone compared to those with both FA and asthma.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Food allergy (FA) is a known risk factor for developing asthma.
  • Understanding the relationship between FA and respiratory conditions is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) in children diagnosed with food allergy.
  • To determine if BHR in children with FA is influenced by the presence or absence of respiratory symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Studied BHR using methacholine challenge (PC20) in 54 children with FA and 62 controls.
  • Confirmed FA diagnosis through questionnaires, clinical evaluation, skin prick tests, IgE levels, and double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges.

Main Results:

  • BHR was significantly more common in children with FA (47%) compared to those without FA (17%) among non-asthmatic participants.
  • Children with FA alone exhibited BHR, though with a milder presentation (mean PC20 2.8 mg/mL) than those with asthma (0.88-0.96 mg/mL).
  • BHR prevalence increased with the severity of allergic reactions, observed in 36% of mild cases to 100% of severe cases.

Conclusions:

  • Children with food allergy exhibit increased bronchial hyperreactivity, irrespective of respiratory symptoms.
  • While BHR can occur in asymptomatic children with FA, it is less severe than in those with co-existing asthma.
  • The factors influencing BHR in children with FA appear similar to those in children without FA.
Abstract

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