Electronic health record decision support and quality of care for children with ADHD
John Patrick T Co1, Sarah A Johnson, Eric G Poon
1Center for Child and Adolescent Health Policy, Mass General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA. jco@partners.org
Insights
Electronic health record (EHR) decision support improved care for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It increased ADHD assessments and enhanced documentation of symptoms and treatment effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric primary care
- Clinical informatics
- Child mental health
Background:
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) requires ongoing management and documentation in pediatric primary care.
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) offer potential for decision support to improve ADHD care.
- Current EHR systems may not fully optimize the management and documentation of ADHD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of EHR decision support on physician management and documentation for pediatric ADHD care.
- To assess if clinician reminders and structured note templates improve ADHD assessment frequency and documentation quality.
Main Methods:
- A cluster randomized trial involving 79 pediatricians across 12 practices.
- Intervention included EHR-based clinician reminders for ADHD symptom assessment and an ADHD note template.
- Outcome measures focused on the proportion of children with ADHD assessments and the quality of documentation.
Main Results:
- Children in intervention groups were more likely to have ADHD assessments during the study period.
- The ADHD note template was utilized in 32% of ADHD-specific visits.
- Template use correlated with improved documentation of ADHD symptoms, treatment effectiveness, and adverse effects.
Conclusions:
- EHR decision support enhances the likelihood of ADHD assessments and improves care management for children.
- Optimizing provider utilization of EHR decision support tools can further advance ADHD care quality.
- This study highlights the potential of integrated EHR tools in managing chronic pediatric conditions like ADHD.
Objectives:
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of electronic health record (EHR) decision support on physician management and documentation of care for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods:
This study involved 79 general pediatricians in 12 pediatric primary care practices that use the same EHR who were caring for 412 children who were aged 5 to 18 years and had a previous diagnosis of ADHD. We conducted a cluster randomized trial of EHR-based decision support that included (1) clinician reminders to assess ADHD symptoms every 3 to 6 months and (2) an ADHD note template with structured fields for symptoms, treatment effectiveness, and adverse effects. The main outcome measures were (1) proportion of children with visits during the 6-month study period in which ADHD was assessed and (2) quality of documentation of ADHD assessment. Generalized estimating equations were used to control for the clustering by providers.
Results:
Children at intervention sites were more likely to have had a visit during the study period in which their ADHD was assessed. The ADHD template was used at 32% of visits at which patients were scheduled specifically for ADHD assessment, and its use was associated with improved documentation of symptoms, treatment effectiveness, and treatment adverse effects.
Conclusions:
EHR-based decision support improved the likelihood that children with ADHD had visits for as well as care related to managing this condition. Better understanding of how to optimize provider use of the decision support and templates could promote additional improvements in care.
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