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Intra-Operative Behavioral Tasks in Awake Humans Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery

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Published on: January 6, 2011

Voice and fluency changes as a function of speech task and deep brain stimulation.

Diana Van Lancker Sidtis¹, Tiffany Rogers, Violette Godier

¹The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA. diana.sidtis@nyu.edu

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR

|July 21, 2010

Summary

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) impacts voice and fluency in Parkinson's disease patients differently based on speech tasks. Subcortical function influences motor speech performance, particularly in conversation versus repetition.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Speech-Language Pathology
Neuroscience

Background:

Speech production involves complex motor control reliant on basal ganglia.
Different speech tasks (e.g., conversation, repetition) may differentially engage subcortical pathways.
Parkinson's disease (PD) affects motor control, including speech, and is often treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of subcortical functionality on voice and fluency in individuals with Parkinson's disease.
To compare speech measures during spontaneous conversation versus matched repeated speech tasks.
To examine the influence of bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (DBS) ON and OFF states on voice and fluency parameters.

Main Methods:

Recruited subjects with Parkinson's disease undergoing bilateral subthalamic nucleus DBS.
Collected speech samples during two conditions: stimulators ON and stimulators OFF.
Analyzed voice (harmonic-to-noise ratio) and fluency (dysfluencies) measures from spontaneous and repeated speech tasks.

Main Results:

The harmonic-to-noise ratio, a measure of voice quality, improved during speech repetition and when DBS was ON.
Dysfluencies were more prevalent during conversational speech, with minimal or variable impact from the DBS condition.
Speech task conditions interact with subcortical function to modulate motor speech output.

Conclusions:

Voice and fluency are distinctly influenced by DBS treatment in Parkinson's disease.
Subcortical functionality, modulated by DBS, plays a critical role in speech production.
Task-dependent variations in speech performance highlight the complex interplay between neural function and motor execution.