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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement01:21

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement

The Cope rearrangement is classified as a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-dienes, leading to a more stable, isomeric 1,5-diene. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six electrons, four from two π bonds and two from a σ bond, via an energetically favorable chair-like transition state.

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Modeling Ligands into Maps Derived from Electron Cryomicroscopy
09:30

Modeling Ligands into Maps Derived from Electron Cryomicroscopy

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Highly symmetric organic ligand-capped Lindqvist structures derived from 3d-elements.

Gulaim A Seisenbaeva1, Talal Mallah, Vadim G Kessler

  • 1Department of Chemistry, SLU, Box 7015, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|July 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary

New metal-organic compounds, M(5)TiO(acac)(6)(OEt)(6), were synthesized for potential use as combustion catalysts. These Lindqvist-type structures offer controlled metal incorporation for advanced material applications.

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Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene
09:45

Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene

Published on: March 20, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • The synthesis of mixed-metal oxides often involves complex precursors.
  • Lindqvist-type structures are known for their unique metal-oxygen frameworks.
  • Developing molecular precursors for catalysis is an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel Lindqvist-type metal-oxo clusters.
  • To investigate the structural and decomposition properties of these clusters.
  • To explore their potential as precursors for combustion catalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Reaction of M(acac)(2) with Ti(OEt)(4) under hydrolysis or thermolysis conditions.
  • Characterization of intermediates and final products using analytical techniques.
  • Investigation of thermal decomposition behavior.

Main Results:

  • High yields of poorly soluble Lindqvist-type products M(5)TiO(acac)(6)(OEt)(6) (M = Ni, Co, Mg) were obtained.
  • These compounds exhibit statistical disorder between ethoxide and beta-diketonate ligands.
  • Intermediates M(2)Ti(2)(acac)(4)(OEt)(8) (M = Ni, Co) adopt the tetramolybdate structure type.
  • Complexes 3-5 are volatile with decomposition, yielding homometallic products or molecular evaporation.
  • A related Co-Ti complex, Co(4)Ti(2)O(acac)(4)(O(n)Pr)(10), also follows the Lindqvist type.

Conclusions:

  • The synthetic approach yields well-defined Lindqvist-type metal-oxo clusters.
  • Soluble intermediates are promising molecular precursors for catalytic material synthesis.
  • The study demonstrates a route to incorporate specific metal ratios into porous matrices.