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The efficacy of the BG-Sentinel CO2 nozzle in collecting host-seeking mosquitoes in Fairfax County, Virginia.

Hina V Bhalala1, Joshua D Smith, Brent A O'Dea

  • 1Fairfax County Health Department, 10777 Main Street, Suite 100, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.

Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association
|July 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Adding a CO2 nozzle to BG-Sentinel traps did not significantly increase mosquito collection efficacy. This finding is crucial for optimizing mosquito surveillance programs and understanding West Nile virus (WNV) vector populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Vector-borne Disease Surveillance

Background:

  • Mosquito surveillance is essential for controlling vector-borne diseases like West Nile virus (WNV).
  • BG-Sentinel traps are commonly used for mosquito collection, but their efficacy can be influenced by attractants.
  • The addition of a CO2 nozzle aims to enhance trap performance by mimicking a host's breath.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a specialized CO2 nozzle on the collection efficiency of BG-Sentinel traps.
  • To determine if the CO2 nozzle improves the capture of key mosquito species, including Aedes albopictus and Culex spp.
  • To assess the nozzle's effect on overall mosquito diversity and WNV vector populations in Fairfax County, VA.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty BG-Sentinel traps were deployed in Fairfax County, VA, as part of the WNV surveillance program.

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  • Ten traps were randomly assigned the CO2 nozzle, while ten served as controls (no nozzle).
  • Mosquitoes were collected over a period, and species composition, abundance, and WNV infection rates were compared between the two groups.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant difference in the total number of mosquitoes collected per trap-period was observed between traps with and without the CO2 nozzle.
    • The CO2 nozzle did not significantly affect the collection rates of targeted species such as Aedes albopictus and Culex spp.
    • Both nozzle and no-nozzle traps successfully captured WNV-infected Aedes albopictus and Culex spp., indicating no difference in vector detection.

    Conclusions:

    • The addition of the specialized CO2 nozzle does not enhance the efficacy of BG-Sentinel traps for collecting host-seeking mosquitoes in this setting.
    • Current mosquito surveillance protocols using BG-Sentinel traps may not require the CO2 nozzle for improved vector collection.
    • Further research could explore variations in nozzle design or other attractants to potentially improve trap performance.