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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Murine Myocardial Infarction Model using Permanent Ligation of Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery
Published on: August 16, 2019
[Comparison of right atrial matrix metalloproteinase expression between patients with unstable angina and myocardial
Wei Wang1, Ping-sheng Wu, Xi-li Yang
1Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, China.
Objective:
To compare right atrial structural remodeling and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and tissue inhibitors (TIMP) between patients with unstable angina (UA) and myocardial infarction (MI).
Methods:
Right atrial appendages were obtained from 18 patients with UA and 22 patients with MI undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) operations. MMP-1, -3, -7, -9 and TIMP-1 protein expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Echocardiography was performed before CABG.
Results:
The left and right atrial diameter, left ventricular diameter and mRNA levels of MMP-3, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were significantly higher in MI group than those in UA group [LAD: (40.8 +/- 4.2) mm vs. (33.1 +/- 5.1) mm, P < 0.01; RAD: (44.1 +/- 6.8) mm vs. (28.8 +/- 6.0) mm, P < 0.01; LVEDD: (48.9 +/- 6.0) mm vs. (39.7 +/- 7.1) mm, P < 0.05; MMP-3: 0.39 +/- 0.18 vs. 0.28 +/- 0.07, P < 0.05; MMP-9: 0.81 +/- 0.21 vs. 0.55 +/- 0.20, P < 0.01; TIMP-1: 1.79 +/- 0.89 vs. 0.94 +/- 0.47, P < 0.01]. MMP-1, MMP-7 levels were similar between the 2 groups (MMP-1: 0.14 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.10 +/- 0.08, P > 0.05; MMP-7: 0.25 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.23 +/- 0.06, P > 0.05).
Conclusion:
Right atrial up-regulation of MMP-3, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels may contribute to the right atrial structural remodeling in MI patients.
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