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Related Concept Videos

Malaria01:29

Malaria

Malaria pathogenesis in humans reflects a delicate interplay between parasite biology and host response. Clinical illness reflects a host’s immune response to the parasite’s asexual replication cycle, which is often asymptomatic in individuals with partial immunity. From the parasite's perspective, transmission between mosquito and human with minimal host pathology is evolutionarily advantageous. Among the six Plasmodium species infecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax dominate in global...
Membrane Carbohydrates01:30

Membrane Carbohydrates

The plasma membrane is a dynamic barrier composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. It is the epicenter of many cellular processes required for cell growth and survival. Carbohydrates have unique structural and chemical properties that help the plasma membrane to carry out its functions effectively.
Membrane carbohydrates do not have any hydrophobic region and are exclusively located on the cell's outer surface. The addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins happens in...
Symbiosis00:58

Symbiosis

Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those species. When a relationship is beneficial to both species, this is called mutualism. When the relationship is beneficial to one species but neither beneficial nor harmful to the other species, this is called commensalism. When one organism is harmed to benefit another, the relationship is known as parasitism. These types of relationships often...
Antiprotozoal Agents01:21

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...
Anthelminthic Agents01:15

Anthelminthic Agents

Anthelmintic drugs differ significantly from antiparasitic therapies targeting protozoa, primarily due to differences in parasite biology. Whereas most protozoal treatments act on proliferating cells, anthelmintics are typically directed against mature, nonproliferative helminths. The therapeutic approach considers the helminth's reliance on neuromuscular coordination, glucose metabolism, and microtubular integrity for survival, reproduction, and localization within the host. Most anthelmintics...
Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A Simple Protocol for Platelet-mediated Clumping of Plasmodium falciparum-infected Erythrocytes in a Resource Poor Setting
07:27

A Simple Protocol for Platelet-mediated Clumping of Plasmodium falciparum-infected Erythrocytes in a Resource Poor Setting

Published on: May 16, 2013

Carbohydrate binding molecules in malaria pathology.

Alan Brown1, Matthew K Higgins

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, United Kingdom. ab604@cam.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Structural Biology
|July 27, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Malaria parasite proteins bind host carbohydrates for invasion and cytoadhesion. Structural studies reveal differences in how erythrocyte binding antigen (EBA-175) and VAR2CSA proteins recognize host molecules.

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Understanding the Development of Compensatory Pathways in a Mutant Malaria Parasite Harbouring Hypomorphic Allele of Plant-Like Kinases
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Understanding the Development of Compensatory Pathways in a Mutant Malaria Parasite Harbouring Hypomorphic Allele of Plant-Like Kinases

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Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum
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Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A Simple Protocol for Platelet-mediated Clumping of Plasmodium falciparum-infected Erythrocytes in a Resource Poor Setting
07:27

A Simple Protocol for Platelet-mediated Clumping of Plasmodium falciparum-infected Erythrocytes in a Resource Poor Setting

Published on: May 16, 2013

Understanding the Development of Compensatory Pathways in a Mutant Malaria Parasite Harbouring Hypomorphic Allele of Plant-Like Kinases
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Understanding the Development of Compensatory Pathways in a Mutant Malaria Parasite Harbouring Hypomorphic Allele of Plant-Like Kinases

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Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum
10:22

Methods to Investigate the Regulatory Role of Small RNAs and Ribosomal Occupancy of Plasmodium falciparum

Published on: December 4, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Structural Biology
  • Malaria Therapeutics

Background:

  • Parasite-host interactions are crucial for Plasmodium falciparum lifecycle.
  • Carbohydrate-binding proteins mediate key events like cell invasion and cytoadhesion.
  • Targeting these interactions is vital for developing new malaria treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review structural studies of Plasmodium falciparum carbohydrate-binding modules.
  • To highlight the structures and ligand recognition of EBA-175 and VAR2CSA.
  • To understand differences in Duffy-binding like (DBL) domain architectures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent structural studies.
  • Focus on crystallographic and other structural biology techniques.
  • Comparative analysis of EBA-175 and VAR2CSA structures.

Main Results:

  • EBA-175 and VAR2CSA utilize Plasmodium-specific Duffy-binding like (DBL) domains.
  • Despite shared DBL domains, their overall architectures and carbohydrate binding modes differ significantly.
  • Structural insights into erythrocyte invasion and placental cytoadhesion mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Structural variations in DBL domains impact Plasmodium falciparum host interactions.
  • Understanding these structural differences can inform the design of novel antimalarial drugs.
  • Further structural studies are essential for comprehensive targeting of parasite-host recognition.