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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
10:10

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Published on: October 5, 2015

Decrease in CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells after pulmonary resection in the treatment of cavity multidrug-resistant

Ying E Wu1, Wen Guang Peng, Ying Mu Cai

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|July 27, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regulatory T cells (Treg) are elevated in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and decrease after surgery. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection may increase Treg cell numbers and alter their surface molecules.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Immune regulation plays a critical role in managing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection.
  • Cellular immune responses can be suppressed during M. tuberculosis infection.
  • Regulatory T cells (Treg) are key mediators of immune suppression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of circulating CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) in patients with cavity multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).
  • To compare Treg cell proportions in MDR-TB patients before and after surgical intervention.
  • To analyze Treg cell dynamics in relation to M. tuberculosis infection and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to quantify Treg cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes.
  • Specific markers CD4, CD25, and FoxP3 were employed to identify Treg populations.
  • A cohort of 13 MDR-TB patients (pre- and post-surgery) and 10 healthy controls were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The proportion of CD4(+)CD25(high) and CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) Treg cells was significantly higher in MDR-TB patients compared to healthy controls.
  • Treg cell proportions remained elevated one month post-surgery in MDR-TB patients.
  • A significant decrease in CD4(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-) cell proportions was observed in MDR-TB patients.
  • A strong positive correlation was found between pre- and postoperative Treg cell proportions.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating Treg cells are proportionally increased in patients with cavity MDR-TB.
  • Surgical intervention leads to a decrease in the proportion of circulating Treg cells.
  • M. tuberculosis infection may induce changes in Treg cell surface molecules, leading to increased cell numbers.