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A brief review of CD163 and its role in PRRSV infection

Siao-Kun W Welch1, Jay G Calvert

  • 1Global Biologics Research, Pfizer Animal Health, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA. jenny.welch@pfizer.com

Virus Research
|July 27, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) uses the CD163 protein as a receptor to infect cells. This study reviews CD163 knowledge and predicts key amino acids for PRRSV binding.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) targets monocyte/macrophage lineage cells.
  • CD163, a macrophage scavenger receptor, was recently identified as a PRRSV cellular receptor.
  • CD163 belongs to the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) family.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge of CD163 in PRRSV infection.
  • To predict amino acid sequences involved in the interaction between CD163 and PRRSV.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CD163 and PRRSV.
  • Structure-based prediction of amino acid interactions.

Main Results:

  • CD163 mediates PRRSV infection in non-permissive cell lines.
  • Identification of potential amino acid residues on CD163 crucial for PRRSV binding.

Conclusions:

  • CD163 is a key cellular receptor for PRRSV.
  • Understanding these interactions can inform antiviral strategies against PRRSV.

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