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Formative Assessment of ARM-U: A Modular Intervention for Decreasing Risk Behaviors Among HIV-Positive and

Richard S Garfein1, Mitcheal Metzner, Jazmine Cuevas

  • 1Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.

The Open AIDS Journal
|July 27, 2010
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study developed the Avoiding Risks from Methamphetamine-Use (ARM-U) intervention for methamphetamine-using men who have sex with men (MSM) to reduce HIV transmission risks. Formative research indicated the intervention was feasible and acceptable, with participants finding it useful for behavior change.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • HIV Prevention

Background:

  • Methamphetamine use is a significant driver of HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM).
  • A substantial proportion of methamphetamine-using MSM (MUMSM) engage in injection drug use, increasing parenteral HIV transmission risk.
  • An individual-level HIV risk-reduction intervention was developed for MUMSM, tailored to HIV status and injection drug use (IDU) status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the content, feasibility, and acceptability of a novel behavioral intervention for MUMSM.
  • To assess the intervention's potential to decrease unprotected anal intercourse and raise awareness of parenteral HIV transmission risks.

Main Methods:

  • The study employed formative research, including focus groups and pre-testing of the intervention with volunteers from the target population.
  • Participants were stratified into four groups based on HIV status and IDU status.
  • The intervention, Avoiding Risks from Methamphetamine-Use (ARM-U), utilized motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioral theory.

Main Results:

  • Focus group participants identified neurocognitive effects of methamphetamine as a barrier to safer sex practices.
  • The majority of participants (94%) completed all intervention sessions and found the program useful.
  • Participants reported the intervention prompted contemplation and movement toward behavior change and would recommend it to peers.

Conclusions:

  • The ARM-U intervention was revised based on formative research, with increased emphasis on pre-planning and strategies to mitigate risk after methamphetamine use.
  • Enhanced focus was placed on referrals for care and other requested services.
  • Future efficacy trials are necessary to determine the intervention's effectiveness in reducing HIV-associated risk behaviors.
Keywords:
HIVMSMbehavioral intervention.formative researchinjection drug usemethamphetamine

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