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Related Concept Videos

Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Sutures of the Skull01:22

Sutures of the Skull

The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.

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Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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Relationship of femoral neck areal bone mineral density to volumetric bone mineral density, bone size, and femoral strength in men and women.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2011
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Determinants of forearm strength in postmenopausal women.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2011
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Assessing forearm fracture risk in postmenopausal women.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2009
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Estrogen action on bone marrow osteoclast lineage cells of postmenopausal women in vivo.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2008
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Comparison of sex steroid measurements in men by immunoassay versus mass spectroscopy and relationships with cortical and trabecular volumetric bone mineral density.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2008
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Effects of estrogen therapy on bone marrow adipocytes in postmenopausal osteoporotic women.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2008

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Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model
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Trabecular bone deficits among Vietnamese immigrants.

L J Melton1, M A Marquez, L K McCready

  • 1Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. melton.j@mayo.edu

Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
|July 27, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Lower bone density in middle-aged Vietnamese immigrant women is linked to reduced trabecular bone quality and lower estrogen levels, not just smaller bone size. Further research is needed to understand these osteoporosis risk factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and osteoporosis research.
  • Comparative bone mineral density studies.
  • Immigrant health and epidemiology.

Background:

  • Osteoporosis epidemiology in Asian populations remains understudied.
  • Previous findings indicated lower lumbar spine areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in postmenopausal Southeast Asian women compared to white women, even after adjusting for bone size.
  • This study aimed to re-evaluate these discrepancies using advanced imaging techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying causes of lower bone mineral density in middle-aged Vietnamese immigrant women compared to white women.
  • To assess differences in volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and bone microstructure.
  • To explore the relationship between bone turnover, sex steroid levels, and bone density.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 20 Vietnamese immigrant women (44-79 years) with 162 age-matched white women.
  • Assessed areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at the hip, spine, and wrist.
  • Utilized quantitative computed tomography (QCT) for hip and spine vBMD, and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HPQCT) for ultradistal radius vBMD and microstructure.

Main Results:

  • Vietnamese women exhibited lower aBMD across all measured sites.
  • Femoral neck vBMD did not differ significantly between groups.
  • Reduced lumbar spine and ultradistal radius vBMD in Vietnamese women were attributed to lower trabecular vBMD and increased trabecular separation.
  • Bone resorption markers were elevated and bone formation markers depressed in Vietnamese immigrants, though not statistically significant.
  • Lower serum estradiol levels were observed in Vietnamese women, positively associated with trabecular vBMD.

Conclusions:

  • Discrepancies in aBMD among Asian women may be partly due to smaller bone size, but this study identified a specific trabecular bone deficit in Vietnamese immigrants.
  • This deficit appears linked to significantly lower estrogen levels.
  • Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the role of low estrogen and trabecular bone changes in osteoporosis risk for this population.