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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...

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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Published on: May 16, 2025

[Pregnancy and inflammatory rheumatic diseases].

R Fischer-Betz¹, E Gromnica-Ihle

¹Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Rheumatologie, Rheumazentrum Rhein-Ruhr, 40225 Düsseldorf, Deutschland. rebecca.fischer@med.uni-duesseldorf.de

Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie

|July 27, 2010

Summary

Planning pregnancy during disease stability and close monitoring are key for women with inflammatory rheumatic diseases to achieve successful outcomes and healthy babies. This approach improves management of pregnancy challenges.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Published on: May 16, 2025

Area of Science:

Rheumatology
Obstetrics
Neonatology

Context:

Inflammatory rheumatic diseases commonly affect women of childbearing age.
Pregnancy in these patients presents unique challenges for both patients and healthcare providers.

Purpose:

To outline strategies for managing pregnancy in women with inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
To highlight the importance of multidisciplinary monitoring and timely interventions.

Summary:

Successful pregnancies are achievable with improved understanding of risks, enhanced preventive/therapeutic measures, and close monitoring.
Key elements include planning pregnancy during disease stability, regular physical examinations, laboratory tests, and Doppler ultrasound.

Impact:

Improved outcomes for pregnancies in women with inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
Facilitates delivery of healthy babies through optimized care pathways.