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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Oral01:16

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Oral

The oral stage is the initial phase of Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development, occurring from birth to approximately 12 to 18 months. During this period, the infant's mouth serves as the primary source of pleasure, with actions such as sucking, chewing, biting, and drinking playing a crucial role in reducing tension. These activities are essential not only for nourishment but also for the infant's psychological and emotional satisfaction.
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Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps01:19

Handwashing II: Pre-procedure and Initial Procedure Steps

The pre-procedure steps of handwashing include removing jewelry and rolling up sleeves. However, many organizations allow staff to wear wedding rings.
The hand washing procedure itself includes the following steps. First, cover cuts, if any, on hands with a waterproof dressing. Cuts and abrasions can become contaminated with bacteria hindering the ability to clean the area thoroughly. In addition, repeated hand washing can worsen an injury.  The nails must be short and clean, without nail paint...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
08:47

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Tooth-brushing behaviour in 6-12 year olds.

Anna Sandström1, Janet Cressey, Christina Stecksén-Blicks

  • 1Department of Odontology, Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry
|July 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Children

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Oral Hygiene Research
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Many schoolchildren exhibit inadequate oral hygiene.
  • Poor oral hygiene is a common clinical observation in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate tooth-brushing behavior in children aged 6-12 years.
  • Assess the effectiveness of tooth-brushing techniques and habits in elementary school children.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional descriptive study design.
  • Involved 82 children aged 6, 8, 10, and 12 years in Umeå, Sweden.
  • Assessed plaque removal using the Green and Vermillion Oral Hygiene Index from photographs, recorded brushing technique via video, and collected home hygiene data through questionnaires.

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Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
10:42

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
08:47

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
10:42

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

Main Results:

  • Plaque removal was significantly poorer in 6-year-olds compared to 10-year-olds.
  • A negative correlation was found between brushing time and plaque score reduction (r = -0.31, P < 0.01).
  • Younger children, particularly 6-year-olds, spent less time brushing.

Conclusions:

  • Tooth-brushing effectiveness in removing plaque was suboptimal, averaging 19% for 6-year-olds and 30% for older children.
  • Increasing tooth-brushing duration is recommended for children aged 8-12 years.
  • Children can assume more responsibility for oral hygiene from age 7-8, with parental support beneficial up to age 10.