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Updated: Jun 10, 2026
07:11
Morphological and Functional Assessment of the Right Ventricle Using 3D Echocardiography
Published on: October 28, 2020
Dynamic annular geometry and function in patients with mitral regurgitation: insight from three-dimensional annular
Stephen H Little1, Sagit Ben Zekry, Gerald M Lawrie
1Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, 6550 Fannin Street, SM-677, Houston, TX 77030, USA. shlittle@tmhs.org
Summary
Mitral regurgitation (MR) causes mitral annular (MA) enlargement. Leaflet prolapse MR shows the most significant MA remodeling with preserved function, unlike functional MR.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Medical Imaging
- Cardiac Mechanics
Background:
- Real-time 3D echocardiography allows mitral annular (MA) tracking to assess remodeling and function.
- It is unknown if MA structure and function differ based on the cause of mitral regurgitation (MR).
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate dynamic MA characteristics in patients with MR due to mitral valve prolapse and functional MR.
- To compare these characteristics with normal controls.
Main Methods:
- Used novel 3D tracking software to analyze MA area and apical descent in 28 MR patients and 15 controls.
- Tracked 16 MA points from end-diastole to end-systole using 3D full-volume imaging.
Main Results:
- Functional MR showed enlarged MA area, reduced systolic change, and less apical descent compared to controls.
- Prolapse MR had the largest MA areas with preserved annular area change and mildly reduced apical descent.
- These findings suggest mitral leaflet prolapse involves significant MA remodeling without functional deterioration.
Conclusions:
- Patients with MR exhibit significant MA enlargement regardless of etiology.
- MR due to leaflet prolapse demonstrates the most extensive annular remodeling with preserved function.
- Findings may inform mitral valve surgical repair strategies.
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