Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Creation of a High-Fidelity, Low-Cost, Intraosseous Line Placement Task Trainer via 3D Printing
Published on: August 17, 2022
Alice A Edler1, Michael Chen, Anita Honkanen
1Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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A portable patient simulation program offers a cost-effective solution for team training and skill assessment. This Pediatric Anesthesia in-Situ Simulation (PAIS) model proved highly effective and realistic in national meeting evaluations.
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