Novel mutations in the HPS1 gene among Puerto Rican patients

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a disorder of oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) and platelet storage pool deficiency. Eight different disease-causing genes have been identified, whose gene products are thought to be involved in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles. HPS type 1 (HPS-1) is the most common HPS subtype in Puerto Rico, with a frequency of 1:1800 in the northwest of the island due to a founder mutation, i.e. a 16-bp duplication in exon 15 of the HPS1 gene (c.1472_1487dup16; p.H497QfsX90). We identified three Puerto Rican HPS-1 patients who carried compound heterozygous HPS1 mutations. One patient was heterozygous for c.937G>A, causing a missense mutation (p.G313S) at the 3 splice junction of exon 10. This mutation resulted in activation of a cryptic intronic splice site causing an aberrantly spliced HPS1 mRNA that included 144-bp of intronic sequence, producing 11 novel amino acids followed by a stop codon. The other two patients were heterozygous for the previously reported c.972delC in HPS1, resulting in a frameshift and a premature stop codon (p.M325WfsX6). These findings indicate that, among Puerto Ricans, other HPS1 mutations apart from the 16-bp duplication should be considered in the analysis of this population.