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Toxin production by Bacillus pumilus.

B Hoult1, A F Tuxford

  • 1Department of Pathological Sciences, University of Manchester.

Journal of Clinical Pathology
|June 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Bacterial toxins from Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus cereus strains found in cotton mills exhibit distinct cytopathic effects. Differences in toxin activity were observed even between two Bacillus pumilus strains.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Air samples from Lancashire cotton mills yielded Bacillus pumilus (M11, M38), Bacillus cereus (M27), Bacillus subtilis (M67), and Enterobacter agglomerans (M14).
  • These airborne bacteria may pose risks in occupational settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cytopathic effects and toxicological profiles of bacterial strains isolated from cotton mill air.
  • To compare the toxic activities of Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus cereus.

Main Methods:

  • Bacterial strains were cultured, and their supernatants were applied to Vero cells to assess cytopathic effects.
  • Haemolytic activity, lecithinase production, and caseinolytic activity were evaluated for B. pumilus and B. cereus strains.

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Main Results:

  • Supernatants from B. pumilus and B. cereus induced cell rounding, clumping, and, in the case of B. pumilus, finger-like projections.
  • B. pumilus (M11) showed rapid cytopathic effects, but M38 induced cell death within 96 hours.
  • B. cereus exhibited stronger haemolytic and lecithinase activity than B. pumilus strains, while both hydrolyzed casein.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial toxins from B. pumilus and B. cereus differ significantly in their activity.
  • Distinct toxicological profiles were identified even between the two B. pumilus strains (M11 and M38).