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A host range difference between herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.

P Goldfarb, M Timbury

    The Journal of General Virology
    |May 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infectivity is 10,000 times lower in Chinese hamster cells compared to human cells. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) shows only a 10-100 fold difference, aiding in recombinant virus analysis.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Cell Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are significant human pathogens.
    • Understanding the host range and genetic differences between HSV types is crucial for virology research.
    • Previous studies have noted variations in HSV infectivity across different cell types.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the infectivity differences of HSV type 1 and type 2 strains on human and Chinese hamster cell lines.
    • To utilize observed host range differences for analyzing recombinant HSV strains.

    Main Methods:

    • Infectivity assays were performed by plating multiple strains of HSV-1 and HSV-2.
    • Established human and Chinese hamster cell lines were used as host systems.
    • Viral titers were measured to determine infectivity levels.

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    Main Results:

    • HSV-1 strains consistently exhibited a 10,000-fold lower infectivity titer on Chinese hamster cells compared to human cells.
    • HSV-2 strains demonstrated a significantly smaller reduction in infectivity, with only a 10- to 100-fold lower titer on Chinese hamster cells.
    • A clear host range difference was established between HSV-1 and HSV-2.

    Conclusions:

    • A distinct difference in host cell infectivity exists between HSV-1 and HSV-2.
    • This differential infectivity serves as a valuable marker for genetic analysis of HSV recombinants.
    • The findings contribute to the understanding of HSV host-pathogen interactions and genetic diversity.