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Related Concept Videos

Mutations01:35

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Radiation Treatment of Organotypic Cultures from Submandibular and Parotid Salivary Glands Models Key In Vivo Characteristics
07:38

Radiation Treatment of Organotypic Cultures from Submandibular and Parotid Salivary Glands Models Key In Vivo Characteristics

Published on: May 17, 2019

Radiation induced oral mucositis.

Satheesh Kumar Ps1, Anita Balan, Arun Sankar

  • 1Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College, Trivandrum, India.

Indian Journal of Palliative Care
|July 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Patients undergoing radiotherapy or chemotherapy often develop oral mucositis. Risk factors include tumor location, combined treatments, high radiation doses, and altered fractionation schedules. Management focuses on palliative care and newer drug therapies.

Keywords:
MucositisOral cancerRadiation

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Retroductal Submandibular Gland Instillation and Localized Fractionated Irradiation in a Rat Model of Salivary Hypofunction
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Retroductal Submandibular Gland Instillation and Localized Fractionated Irradiation in a Rat Model of Salivary Hypofunction

Published on: April 24, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Radiation Treatment of Organotypic Cultures from Submandibular and Parotid Salivary Glands Models Key In Vivo Characteristics
07:38

Radiation Treatment of Organotypic Cultures from Submandibular and Parotid Salivary Glands Models Key In Vivo Characteristics

Published on: May 17, 2019

Retroductal Submandibular Gland Instillation and Localized Fractionated Irradiation in a Rat Model of Salivary Hypofunction
07:44

Retroductal Submandibular Gland Instillation and Localized Fractionated Irradiation in a Rat Model of Salivary Hypofunction

Published on: April 24, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Supportive Care

Background:

  • Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can cause oral mucositis, significantly impacting patient quality of life.
  • High incidence rates are observed in specific patient subgroups, necessitating targeted management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify patient groups at higher risk for oral mucositis.
  • To review current and emerging management strategies for radiation-induced oral mucositis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of patient data to determine risk factors for oral mucositis.
  • Review of current literature and guidelines for oral mucositis treatment.

Main Results:

  • Patients with head and neck tumors, concurrent chemotherapy, doses >5,000 cGy, and altered fractionation schedules face increased risk.
  • Current management is primarily palliative, focusing on symptom relief.

Conclusions:

  • Risk stratification is crucial for proactive oral mucositis management.
  • Emerging treatments like Palifermin and Amifostine, alongside cryotherapy, offer new therapeutic avenues.
  • Emphasis on palliative care, including pain control, nutrition, and oral hygiene, remains essential.