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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Thermoregulation01:26

Thermoregulation

The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
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Body Temperature

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The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C (97–99°F), remaining relatively stable...

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Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

Thermoregulation in multiple sclerosis.

Scott L Davis1, Thad E Wilson, Andrea T White

  • 1Department of Applied Physiology and Wellness, Annette Caldwell Simmons School of Education and Human Development, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0382, USA. sldavis@smu.edu

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|July 31, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple sclerosis patients often worsen with heat due to demyelination affecting nerve conduction. This review explores heat sensitivity, thermoregulation, and fatigue in MS, discussing potential countermeasures.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disorder characterized by demyelination.
  • Demyelination impairs nerve signal conduction, leading to various neurological deficits.
  • A significant percentage of MS patients experience symptom exacerbation upon heat exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of thermoregulatory dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.
  • To explore the mechanisms behind heat sensitivity, impaired temperature regulation, and heat-induced fatigue in MS.
  • To discuss potential countermeasures for managing thermal stress in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on thermoregulation in multiple sclerosis.
  • Analysis of studies examining heat sensitivity, central thermoregulation, and effector responses.
  • Evaluation of research on heat-induced fatigue and potential treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Increased temperature detrimentally affects action potential propagation in demyelinated axons, causing conduction slowing or block.
  • MS lesions can impair brain regions controlling body temperature and thermoregulatory responses, leading to reduced sweating.
  • Heat-induced fatigue in MS is linked to decreased motor function and increased symptoms, likely due to central conduction impairments.

Conclusions:

  • Thermoregulatory dysfunction, including heat sensitivity and impaired sweating, is a significant issue for MS patients.
  • Heat-induced fatigue negatively impacts motor function and overall symptomatology in MS.
  • Countermeasures such as cooling, precooling, and pharmacological interventions show promise in managing thermal stress and preserving function in MS.