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Herpes simplex type 1 encephalitis restricted to the brainstem in a pediatric patient
Juliana Harumi Arita1, Jaime Lin, Mirella Maccarini Peruchi
1Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 720, 04023-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract:
Herpes simplex encephalitis is a potentially fatal infection of central nervous system that typically involves frontal and temporal lobes. Occasionally, it presents an extratemporal involvement and in rarer cases, it is limited to the brainstem. We describe a case of an adolescent who presented with fever, sore throat, and vertigo. Clinical picture evolved to lethargy, tetraparesis, consciousness impairment, and respiratory failure. MRI showed lesions restricted to the brainstem. PCR of CSF was positive for herpes simplex type 1.
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