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School entry age outcomes for infants with birth weight ≤ 800 grams

Anne R Synnes1, Shelagh Anson, Astrid Arkesteijn

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. asynnes@cw.bc.ca

The Journal of Pediatrics
|August 3, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Survival rates for extremely low birth weight infants have improved, but cognitive and hearing impairments have increased, alongside decreased visual impairments. Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes require continued monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Intensive Care
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants face significant mortality and morbidity risks.
  • Advances in neonatal care have improved survival rates for vulnerable infants.
  • Understanding long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes is crucial for ELBW survivors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate mortality and long-term morbidity in ELBW infants.
  • To analyze trends in survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes over time.
  • To identify changes in the pattern of impairments among ELBW survivors.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal cohort study of ELBW infants (birth weight ≤ 800 g) admitted between 1983-2003.
  • Analysis of survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes at school entry.
  • Comparison across four 5-year epochs to assess trends.

Main Results:

  • Survival rates significantly increased from 46% to 71% across the study epochs (P < .0001).
  • Overall impairment rate remained stable at 30%, but the pattern shifted.
  • Cognitive (P = .017) and hearing (P = .014) impairments increased, while visual impairments decreased (P = .042).

Conclusions:

  • Improved survival in ELBW infants is associated with evolving patterns of neurodevelopmental impairments.
  • Increased rates of cognitive impairment warrant attention in this population.
  • While some impairments decreased, the changing landscape of morbidities necessitates ongoing research and clinical adaptation.
Abstract

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