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Related Concept Videos

Flow Cytometry01:23

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Characterizing Microbiome Dynamics – Flow Cytometry Based Workflows from Pure Cultures to Natural Communities
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Bacteria permeabilization and disruption caused by sludge reduction technologies evaluated by flow cytometry.

P Foladori1, S Tamburini, L Bruni

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Trento, via Mesiano, 77, 38050 Trento, Italy. paola.foladori@ing.unitn.it

Water Research
|August 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Sludge reduction technologies impact bacterial cell integrity differently. Flow cytometry reveals thermal and ozonation treatments effectively permeabilize cells, while physical methods require high energy for disruption.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Biotechnology
  • Wastewater Treatment
  • Microbial Ecology

Background:

  • Sludge production is a major challenge in wastewater treatment.
  • Cell lysis-cryptic growth technologies aim to reduce sludge volume.
  • Previous studies often lacked in-depth analysis of cellular lysis mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of various sludge reduction technologies on bacterial cell integrity and permeabilization.
  • To compare the efficacy of physical, thermal, and oxidative treatments using flow cytometry.
  • To evaluate these technologies based on specific energy input for bacterial cell disruption.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized flow cytometry (FCM) with double fluorescent DNA-staining for rapid bacterial cell quantification.
  • Assessed cell integrity, permeabilization, and disruption following treatments.
  • Compared ultrasonication, high-pressure homogenization, thermal treatment, and ozonation.

Main Results:

  • Physical/mechanical treatments (ultrasonication, homogenization) showed moderate effects, requiring high energy for significant cell disruption.
  • Thermal treatment caused significant membrane damage at moderate temperatures (45-55 °C).
  • Ozonation affected cell integrity even at low dosages, increasing permeabilized and disrupted cells.

Conclusions:

  • Flow cytometry provides a robust method for evaluating sludge reduction technologies' impact on bacterial cells.
  • Thermal and ozonation treatments are more effective at permeabilizing/disrupting cells compared to physical methods at equivalent energy levels.
  • Complete bacterial cell disruption is not always economically viable due to high specific energy requirements.