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Forgiveness and the need to belong.

Collin D Barnes¹, Mauricio Carvallo, Ryan P Brown

¹University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.

Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin

|August 3, 2010

Summary

Individuals with a high need to belong may not forgive more readily. Research shows a high need to belong is linked to less frequent forgiveness, with anger and perceived severity mediating this effect.

Area of Science:

Psychology
Social Psychology

Background:

The need to belong is a fundamental human motivation.
Forgiveness is crucial for maintaining social relationships after transgressions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between the need to belong and the practice of forgiveness.
To examine whether satisfying the need to belong influences forgiveness willingness.
To explore the mediating factors in the link between the need to belong and forgiveness.

Main Methods:

Three studies were conducted using varied methodologies and measures of forgiveness.
Study 1 assessed the frequency and value of forgiveness in relation to the need to belong.
Study 2 manipulated the satisfaction of belongingness needs to gauge forgiveness willingness.

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Study 3 examined the mediation of anger and perceived offense severity in the need to belong-forgiveness relationship.

Main Results:

Individuals high in the need to belong reported less frequent forgiveness and placed no more value on it than those low in this need.
Satisfying the need to belong increased participants' willingness to forgive hypothetical offenses.
The negative association between the need to belong and forgiveness was mediated by offense-related anger and perceptions of offense severity.

Conclusions:

Contrary to expectations, a strong need to belong appears to paradoxically hinder forgiveness.
Anger and perceived severity of the offense play a key role in how the need to belong affects forgiveness.
Understanding this dynamic is important for social cohesion and relationship repair.