Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...

Overview of the Vascular System

Overview of the Vascular System

The vascular system comprises an extensive network of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The vascular system can be broadly divided into the blood and lymphatic systems. Typically, blood vessels can be categorized into three histological regions: tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. The tunica intima consists of a single layer of endothelial cells attached to the basal lamina. Underlying the basal lamina is a connective tissue layer and an elastic lamina that gives stability and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Treatment with caspase-1 inhibitor diminishes kidney disease in MRL-<i>Fas<sup>lpr</sup></i> mice and delays systemic illness.

RMD open·2025

Same author

Preparticipation screening in young female elite ice hockey players.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine·2025

Same author

TNF-α blockade may lead to improvement of vascular function in psoriasis patients.

Experimental dermatology·2021

Same author

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Therapy: The Old and the New.

Rheumatology and therapy·2020

Same author

Impact of Oxidative Stress on the Heart and Vasculature: Part 2 of a 3-Part Series.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology·2017

Same author

Age-related diagnostic value of D-dimer testing and the role of inflammation in patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis.

Scientific reports·2017

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time

In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time

Published on: May 24, 2020

Endothelial functions: Translating theory into clinical application.

Selina Muxel¹, Federica Fasola, Marie-Christine Radmacher

¹Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation

|August 3, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Assessing endothelial function is crucial for cardiovascular disease diagnosis. However, accurately quantifying endothelial function and defining dysfunction presents significant practical and theoretical challenges.

More Related Videos

Endothelialized Microfluidics for Studying Microvascular Interactions in Hematologic Diseases

Endothelialized Microfluidics for Studying Microvascular Interactions in Hematologic Diseases

Published on: June 22, 2012

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time

In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time

Published on: May 24, 2020

Endothelialized Microfluidics for Studying Microvascular Interactions in Hematologic Diseases

Endothelialized Microfluidics for Studying Microvascular Interactions in Hematologic Diseases

Published on: June 22, 2012

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Science
Vascular Biology
Medical Diagnostics

Background:

The vascular endothelium is vital for maintaining endothelial homeostasis.
Assessing endothelial function in humans in vivo aids in cardiovascular disease risk stratification.
Current methods aim to improve early diagnosis and patient risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To address the challenges in quantifying endothelial function.
To clarify the definition of endothelial dysfunction.
To discuss practical and theoretical issues in assessing endothelial function.

Main Methods:

Review of existing methods for assessing endothelial function in vivo.
Discussion of theoretical limitations in current approaches.
Analysis of practical challenges in measurement and interpretation.

Main Results:

Quantifying 'endothelial function' remains elusive.
Defining 'endothelial dysfunction' presents theoretical difficulties.
Existing methods face practical and theoretical limitations.

Conclusions:

Further research is needed to refine methods for assessing endothelial function.
Clearer definitions of endothelial function and dysfunction are required.
Addressing current limitations is key for improved cardiovascular diagnostics.