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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
08:09

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Published on: February 11, 2017

Attachment and emotion in school-aged children.

Jessica L Borelli1, Michael J Crowley, Daryn H David

  • 1Department of Psychology, Pomona College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA. Jessica.borelli@pomona.edu

Emotion (Washington, D.C.)
|August 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Attachment security in middle childhood is linked to better emotion regulation. Securely attached children reported more positive emotions and showed distinct physiological responses to threat.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Attachment Theory
  • Emotion Regulation

Background:

  • Attachment behavioral systems regulate emotions during threat.
  • Research confirms this link in infants and adults.
  • Limited studies explore this in middle childhood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Examine associations between attachment organization and emotion reactivity/regulation in 8-12-year-olds.
  • Investigate self- and parent-reported emotion, neuroendocrine reactivity, and fear-potentiated startle.
  • Contribute to understanding attachment and emotion development.

Main Methods:

  • 97 children (8-12 years) assessed using the Child Attachment Interview (CAI).
  • Fear-potentiated startle paradigm used to measure threat response.
  • Salivary cortisol measured before and after assessments.

Main Results:

  • Greater attachment security correlated with more positive child-reported emotions.
  • Secure attachment linked to lower pre-CAI cortisol levels.
  • Security associated with higher initial startle magnitude and faster startle decrease during threat.

Conclusions:

  • Attachment security relates to specific measures of emotion in middle childhood.
  • Findings support attachment theory's role in emotion regulation.
  • Discrepant findings across assessment methods warrant further investigation.