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Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices01:28

Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices

Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...
Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections01:21

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections

Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose01:01

Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose

Fixed-dose regimens are a common approach to administer drugs to achieve and maintain desired levels of the drug in the body. In this dosing strategy, a specific amount of medication is given at regular intervals, often multiple times a day, to ensure a consistent drug concentration in the bloodstream.
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...

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Related Experiment Video

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Fabrication of Pulsatile Polymeric Microparticles Encapsulating Rabies Antigen
07:44

Fabrication of Pulsatile Polymeric Microparticles Encapsulating Rabies Antigen

Published on: May 12, 2023

Immunisation and multi-dose vials.

Iain B Gosbell1, Thomas Gottlieb, Alison M Kesson

  • 1Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Unit, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia. i.gosbell@uws.edu.au

Vaccine
|August 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multi-dose vials for the H1N1 09 influenza vaccine offer rapid deployment but carry infectious risks. Single-dose vials reduce transmission but cause implementation delays and higher costs, requiring careful consideration.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • The novel H1N1 09 influenza virus pandemic prompted a mass immunisation campaign in Australia.
  • Rapid deployment of the vaccine utilized multi-dose vials (MDVs).
  • Historically, MDVs have been linked to the transmission of infectious agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the infectious risks associated with using multi-dose vials for vaccine administration.
  • To inform the decision-making process regarding vaccine formulation for pandemic H1N1 09 influenza.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on infectious risks associated with multi-dose vaccine vials.
  • Analysis of the trade-offs between rapid deployment and infection transmission risks.

Main Results:

  • Multi-dose vials, while enabling faster vaccine rollout, pose a risk of transmitting infectious agents.
  • Single-dose vials (SDVs) mitigate transmission risks but introduce delays and increased costs.
  • The decision involves balancing public health imperatives with safety concerns.

Conclusions:

  • The use of multi-dose vials for H1N1 09 influenza vaccination necessitates a careful evaluation of infectious risks versus the benefits of rapid population-wide immunization.
  • Strategies to mitigate transmission risks with MDVs should be considered.
  • The optimal vaccine formulation balances accessibility, cost, and patient safety.