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Case Studies

Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...

Self-Presentation

Self-Presentation

Self-presentation is a fundamental aspect of social interaction, shaping both how others perceive individuals and how they view themselves. This dynamic process influences behaviors in various social settings, often leading people to adjust their appearance, speech, and demeanor to align with their desired identity. While self-presentation can be deliberate or unconscious, it plays a critical role in interpersonal relationships and self-perception.Forms of Self-PresentationSelf-presentation can...

Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon

Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon

The tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon is a cognitive experience characterized by a temporary inability to retrieve specific information from memory despite having a strong feeling of knowing the information. Although individuals cannot access the target word or detail, they frequently recall related elements, such as its initial letter, syllable count, or context. This partial retrieval often causes frustration, as one might recognize a familiar face or know that a name starts with a specific...

Cause and Effect

Cause and Effect

While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?

Dissociative Amnesia

Dissociative Amnesia

Dissociative amnesia is a complex psychological condition that manifests as an inability to recall personal information, often tied to traumatic or stressful events. Unlike general amnesia, individuals with this condition retain the ability to perform routine activities and procedural tasks, such as operating a phone or navigating public transportation, yet experience profound gaps in autobiographical memory. These lapses may encompass significant life events, such as suicide attempts or...

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Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Conscious and Non-conscious Representations of Emotional Faces in Asperger's Syndrome

Published on: July 31, 2016

A case presented with "as if" phenomenon.

Soumitra Ghosh¹, Kushal K Tamuli, Sabita Dihingia

¹Department of Psychiatry, Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh, Assam, India.

Indian Journal of Psychiatry

|August 4, 2010

Summary

This study details a young male experiencing persistent feelings of unreality, diagnosed as depersonalization and derealization. Treatment involved medication and behavioral therapy, showing a potential therapeutic approach for this perceptual disorder.

Keywords:

depersonalization derealization “As if” phenomenon

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Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

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Published on: May 9, 2019

Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Neurology
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Depersonalization-derealization disorder is a dissociative condition characterized by persistent or recurrent feelings of unreality.
Symptoms can significantly impact an individual's sense of self and perception of the external world.
While often associated with other mental health conditions, it can occur in isolation.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a case study of a young male with isolated depersonalization-derealization disorder.
To describe the diagnostic process and initial management strategies.
To highlight the effectiveness of a combined pharmacotherapy and behavior therapy approach.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive psychiatric evaluation including mental state examination.
Pharmacotherapy with [specific drug class if known, otherwise omit or generalize].
Behavioral therapy, specifically relaxation exercises.

Main Results:

The patient presented with a six-month history of depersonalization and derealization symptoms.
Mental state examination confirmed perceptual disturbances consistent with the diagnosis.
The patient showed insight grade VI, indicating full awareness of his condition.

Conclusions:

Depersonalization-derealization disorder can manifest without comorbid psychiatric or physical illnesses.
A multimodal treatment approach combining pharmacotherapy and behavioral interventions may be effective.
Further research is warranted to explore optimal treatment protocols for this disorder.