Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 10, 2026
03:53
An Orthotopic Sciatic Nerve Xenograft for Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Neurofibromas
Published on: October 10, 2025
Rib head protrusion into the central canal in type 1 neurofibromatosis
Jimmy Ton1, Rebecca Stein-Wexler, Philip Yen
1Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis Medical Center and U.C. Davis Children's Hospital, Suite 3100, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
Pediatric Radiology
|August 4, 2010
Summary
Intraspinal rib head dislocation is a rare complication of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) related scoliosis. Early recognition on imaging is crucial for effective surgical planning and patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Radiology
- Genetics
Background:
- Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) can cause dystrophic scoliosis.
- Intraspinal rib head dislocation is an under-recognized complication in NF1 patients with scoliosis.
Observation:
- This study reviewed four NF1 patients with intraspinal rib head dislocation and dystrophic scoliosis.
- Literature review of 17 additional cases was performed.
- Clinical and imaging findings were analyzed, focusing on CT and MRI.
Findings:
- Dislocation occurred at the convex apex of the curve, typically in the mid- to lower thoracic region.
- Half of the patients experienced spinal cord compression.
- Subtle MRI findings were identified, complementing CT scans.
Implications:
- Radiologists must be familiar with intraspinal rib head dislocation in NF1.
- Accurate diagnosis, especially on MRI, is critical for surgical management.
- Early detection can prevent neurological complications.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Neurulation
Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...
01:19Cranial and Spinal Meninges
The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...
01:28Types of Membrane Protrusions
The protrusion of the cell surface is an initial step for several cellular processes, including cell migration, phagocytosis, and neurite outgrowth. These membrane protrusions are a result of cytoskeletal rearrangement. The most widely observed cell protrusions include lamellipodia, pseudopodia, filopodia, microvilli, invadopodia, and podosomes. These protrusions can be of two types — static or dynamic.
The microvilli, an example of stable protrusions, are finger-like projections with a...
The microvilli, an example of stable protrusions, are finger-like projections with a...
01:16Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy
The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
01:54The Spinal Cord
The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.